@article{oai:bunkyo.repo.nii.ac.jp:00003096, author = {Brown, R. A.}, journal = {情報研究, Information and Communication Studies}, month = {2007-07-01, 2010-01-28}, note = {Pursuing, protecting, and promoting positive self-feelings has been somewhat of a preoccupation, if not obsession, in the United States for well over fifty years. These motivations have been assumed to be universal. Yet few studies of Japanese self-esteem have found other than low to moderate self-esteem. This has been explained in terms of either modest responding (suggesting that self-reports are not veridical) or self-criticalness (suggesting that self-reports are veridical). The present essay reviews the arguments against the modesty view and concludes that there is insufficient evidence for rejecting modest self-presentation as the source of low to moderate Japanese self-esteem scores. Finally, potential linguistic sources of response distortion are discussed.}, pages = {25--33}, title = {Remarks on Feigned Modesty and Language in Relation to Japanese Self-Esteem}, volume = {37}, year = {} }