@article{oai:bunkyo.repo.nii.ac.jp:00003825,
 author = {丸山, 鋼二},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {文教大学国際学部紀要, Journal of the Faculty of International Studies Bunkyo University},
 month = {2001-02-01, 2011-11-29},
 note = {Islam sects in Modern China are generally called "Three-big Sects and Four-big menhuan". The first Islam sect "Sufism brotherhood(menhuan)" was shaped 300 years ago, though Islam was introduced into China in 7th century. In opposition to the appearance of menhuan(jahariyah、Khufiyyah、Kubrawiyyah、Cadriyah), muslims who had maintained the traditional ceremony and system from old times called themselves "Qadim". Its characteristics is tolerance. In early 20th century the two sects were differentiated. One is a new sect "Ikhwani", which criticized both Qadim and menhuan strictly as unfaithful to the Koran. The other is Xidaotang, called "Chinese classics Sect".
　The doctrinal difference is not great among Islam sects in China. There are distinguished differences in the unessential problems of the religious ceremony and customs. Those differences frequently gave rise to a quarrel of bloodshed between Ikhawani and other sects in Modem China.},
 pages = {129--155},
 title = {中国におけるイスラム教教派(研究ノート)},
 volume = {11},
 year = {}
}